Hu, Mengjie
Zhu, Deqing https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0820-5399
Pan, Jian
Guo, Zhengqi
Yang, Congcong
Li, Siwei
Cao, Wen
Funding for this research was provided by:
the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2023YFC3903900)
the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2023YFC3903904)
the National Natural Science Foundation Youth Foundation of China (52404356)
the China Baowu Low Carbon Metallurgy Innovation Foundation (BWLCF202216)
Article History
Received: 19 December 2024
Accepted: 13 June 2025
First Online: 25 July 2025
Conflict of interest
: On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there is no conflict of interest.