Wang, Xuan
Han, Xing https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7268-733X
Li, Chang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8882-6055
Li, Siyu
Mei, Haohao
Funding for this research was provided by:
Applied Basic Research Program of Liaoning Province (2023JH2/101300226)
Fundamental Research Funds for the Liaoning Universities (LJ222410146021)
Liaoning Province Metallurgical Equipment and process control key laboratory open project (2024KFKT-01)
Article History
Received: 11 June 2025
Accepted: 15 September 2025
First Online: 16 October 2025
Conflict of interest
: On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there is no conflict of interest.