Funding for this research was provided by:
Applied Basic Research Program of Liaoning Province (2023JH2/101300226)
Liaoning Supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Liaoning Universities (LJ222410146021)
Liaoning Province Metallurgical Equipment and process control key Laboratory open project (2024KFKT-01)
Project for Graduate Education Reform and Technological Innovation and Entrepreneurship of University of Science and Technology Liaoning (2023YJSCX02)
Article History
Received: 20 April 2025
Accepted: 18 September 2025
First Online: 17 October 2025
Conflict of interest
: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.