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Article History

Received: 4 November 2025

Revised: 4 April 2026

Accepted: 31 July 2026

First Online: 5 August 2026

Declarations

Ethical approval and participants' consent: This study was conducted in accordance with the prescribed ethical standards. On February 20, 2025, the Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences at Hong Kong Baptist University authorised the ethical and safety clearance procedures for the study (Reference Number: FASS-GEOG-2024-25_063). Every interview or discussion commenced with an explanation of the study's objectives and the acquisition of the participants' signed informed consent. Participants were guaranteed anonymity, and their data would be used solely for research purposes.

AI usage declaration: The author took the help of Grammarly, Quill Bot, and ChatGPT for improving the writing quality of the article.

Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.