Islam, Nafisa Nawal https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6136-4025
Thurston, Sally W. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2538-762X
Harrington, Donald https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6505-416X
Ge, Yihui https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8115-5949
Weisenthal, Samuel https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7921-1836
Brunner, Jessica https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3882-1138
Miller, Richard K. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6691-7538
Hopke, Philip K. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2367-9661
Lin, Yan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4384-8354
Barrett, Emily S. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9463-524X
O’Connor, Thomas G. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8590-5057
Zhang, Junfeng https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3759-6672
Rich, David Q. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7132-0069
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (5R01ES027495)
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (P30ES001247)
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (P30ES005022)
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (T32ES007271)
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (UG3/UH3 OD023349)
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (R01HD083369)
National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (UL1 TR002001)
Article History
Received: 7 July 2025
Accepted: 2 October 2025
First Online: 21 November 2025
Declarations
:
: The study protocol was approved by the University of Rochester Medical Center’s Research Subjects Review Board.
: Informed consent was obtained from all participants included in the study.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal or non-financial conflicts to disclose that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.