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Article History

Received: 21 August 2025

Accepted: 4 September 2025

First Online: 10 October 2025

Declarations

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: J. Bousquet reports personal fees from Cipla, Menarini, Mylan, Novartis, Purina, Sanofi-Aventis, Teva, Noucor, other from KYomed-Innov, other from Mask-air-SAS, outside the submitted work. T. Zuberbier reports personal fees from Amgen, personal fees from AstraZeneca, personal fees from AbbVie, personal fees from ALK-Abelló, personal fees from Almirall, personal fees from Astellas, personal fees from Bayer Health Care, personal fees from Bencard, personal fees from Berlin Chemie, personal fees from FAES Farma, personal fees from HAL Allergie GmbH, personal fees from Henkel, personal fees from Kryolan, personal fees from Leti, personal fees from L'Oreal, personal fees from Meda, personal fees from Menarini, personal fees from Merck Sharp & Dohme, personal fees from Novartis, personal fees from Noucor, personal fees from Pfizer, personal fees from Sanofi, personal fees from Stallergenes, personal fees from Takeda, personal fees from Teva, personal fees from UCB, personal fees from Uriach, personal fees from Abivax, personal fees from Blueprint, personal fees from Celldex, personal fees from Celltrion, outside the submitted work; and Committee member, “Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma” (ARIA), Member of the Board, German Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology (DGAKI), Head, European Centre for Allergy Research Foundation (ECARF), President, Global Allergy and Asthma Excellence Network (GA²LEN), and Member, Committee on Allergy Diagnosis and Molecular Allergology, World Allergy Organization (WAO). The other authors have nothing to disclose outside the submitted work.