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Article History

Received: 23 November 2025

Accepted: 9 January 2026

First Online: 2 February 2026

Declarations

:

: All authors have contributed to this work and agree to submit it for publication in its current form. No data or images are reproduced in this submission without proper permissions.

: This is a narrative review of the literature and thus not considered human subject research. Thus, no ethical approval was required.

: This article does not contain any data with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.

: LJA has received a speaker honorarium from Roche Diagnostics International for delivering a webinar on neonatal herpes. HC received a speaker honorarium and travel support from Sanofi for delivering a presentation on SARS-CoV-2 viral evolution. AW received research funding from NIH, GSK, Assembly Bio, and Moderna; has served as a consultant for GSK, AiCuris, Merck, Innovative Molecules, and Bayer (past); serves on a scientific advisory board for MAPP Biopharmaceutical; and has received travel support from STIRx and Moderna. CJ has served as a consultant for AiCuris, Assembly Biosciences, GSK, and Oxymo (all fees paid to the University), and for GSK and Pfizer (fees paid to the individual). She has also received contract funding paid to the University from Assembly Biosciences, Moderna, and GSK.