Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institutes of Health (U19NS130608)
Article History
Accepted: 9 July 2025
First Online: 16 July 2025
Declarations
:
: Disclosures: T.J.P. is a co-founder and holds equity in 4E Therapeutics, NuvoNuro, PARMedics, and Nerveli. T.J.P. has received research grants from AbbVie, Eli Lilly, Grünenthal, Evommune, Hoba Therapeutics, and The National Institutes of Health. The other authors declare no competing interests. Funding Statement: This research was supported by the National Institute Of Neurological Disorders And Stroke of the National Institutes of Health through the PRECISION Human Pain Network (RRID:SCR_025458), part of the NIH HEAL Initiative () under award number U19NS130608 to T.J.P. and by R01AR078192 to T.J.P. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.
: All reported studies/experiments with human or animal subjects performed by the authors have been previously published and complied with all applicable ethical standards (including the Helsinki declaration and its amendments, institutional/national research committee standards, and international/national/institutional guidelines).