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Article History

Received: 24 February 2024

Accepted: 3 July 2024

First Online: 16 August 2024

Declarations

:

: This study was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University. All procedures performed in the study involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration standards. The ethical approval number for this research is QYFY WZLL 28450.

: All participants in this study provided informed consent prior to their involvement. Three volunteers, after being fully informed about the purpose of the research, the procedures to be undertaken, potential risks, and benefits, as well as their rights to withdraw from the study at any time without penalty, have signed the informed consent forms.The scanned copies of the documents pertaining to ethical approval and informed consent statements have been uploaded to the “Related Files” section.

: The authors declare no competing interests.