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Heavy Metals, Active Ingredients, and Adulteration Smokeless Tobacco Varieties: a Chemometrics Based on Principal Components and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-025-04623-z

Published Online: 2025-04-16

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Taha, Manal Mohamed Elhassan

Abdelwahab, Siddig Ibrahim

Oraiby, Magbool

Al-Zubairi, Adel S.
License Information

Text and Data Mining valid from 2025-04-16

Version of Record valid from 2025-04-16
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Article History

Received: 7 February 2025

Accepted: 9 April 2025

First Online: 16 April 2025

Declarations

:

: There are no human subjects involved in this study; therefore, ethics approval is not required.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

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