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Optimal Fluoride Concentration in Drinking Water for Preventing Dental Fluorosis and Caries in 8–12-Year-Old Children in Qingdao, China: A Restricted Cubic Spline and Spatial Epidemiological Analysis Following Rural Safe Drinking Water Interventions in Endemic Fluorosis Region

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-025-04768-x

Published Online: 2025-08-18

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Dou, Xiaojuan

Liu, Xiaoyi

Liu, Shitao

Ge, Changxun

Yan, Shirui

Wu, Di

Meng, Xinyue

Li, Xinxiao

Pei, Junrui

Ji, Fengying
Funding

Funding for this research was provided by:

National Natural Science Foundation of China ([82473747]；[82273749])
License Information

Text and Data Mining valid from 2025-08-18

Version of Record valid from 2025-08-18
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Article History

Received: 16 April 2025

Accepted: 25 July 2025

First Online: 18 August 2025

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests.

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