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Impact of Fire Emissions and Tobacco Consumption on the Salivary Content of Metal(loid)s and PAHs: Exposure Levels and Assessment of Oral and Intestinal In Vitro Toxicity

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-025-04868-8

Published Online: 2025-11-18

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Sousa, Gabriel

Teixeira, Joana

Bessa, Maria João

Delerue-Matos, Cristina

Sarmento, Bruno

Oliveira, Marta

Rodrigues, Francisca
Funding

Funding for this research was provided by:

Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (2021.08526.BD, Reference PRR No. 02/C06-i06/2024, 2023.14718.TENURE.016)
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Article History

Received: 30 July 2025

Accepted: 7 October 2025

First Online: 18 November 2025

Declarations

:

: The study was revised and approved by the Ethical Committee of the University of Porto (Report 105/CEUP/2020).

: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

: The authors affirm that human research participants provided informed consent for publication of the present results.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

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