Lee, Borae
Hung, Chia-Yi
Chien, Yu-Ting
Hsieh, Chi-Che
Cheng, Wei-Hao
Chan, Ya-Hui
Lai, Pin-Chuang
Feng, Sheng-Wei
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Science and Technology Council (NSTC 112-2314-B-038-040-MY3)
Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare (112TMU-SHH-28)
Article History
Received: 14 September 2025
Accepted: 7 October 2025
First Online: 13 October 2025
Declarations
:
: Research involving human material has been approved by the Institutional Review Board of Taipei Medical University (Approval No. N202203070). All human participants provided informed consent for tooth donation. Animal studies were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan (Approval No. LAC-2022-0020).
: The authors declare no competing interests.