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Article History

Received: 28 July 2025

Accepted: 20 September 2025

First Online: 6 October 2025

Declarations

:

: The study received the approval of the Ethic Committee of the coordination Institute (Sapienza University of Rome) (Prot. 0945/2022, Rif 6870, 07 December 2022).

: Informed consent was obtained from each enrolled patient. The study was conducted in accordance with national and institutional guidelines for the protection of human subjects welfare.

: The authors (Sada V., Cozzolino A., Neri I., Di Lorenzo. R., Barba L., Modica R., Dolce P., Oumaima A., Pozza C., Giannetta E., Gianfrilli D., Grumetto L., Ascoli V., Bellevicine C., Colao A., Faggiano A. declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. Two authors declare the following financial interests and personal relationships that may be viewed as potential competing interests: Isidori A. M. reports grants and personal fees from Recordati, HRA Pharma, Pfizer, Neurocrine, and Perrigo, and he has served as a consultant for Novartis, Recordati Rare Diseases, and Sandoz; Troncone G. reports personal fees (as an advisor and/or from a speakers’ bureau) from Roche, Merck Sharpe & Dohme, Pfizer, Eli Lilly & Company, Bristol-Myers Squibb, GlaxoSmithKline, Menarini, AstraZeneca, Amgen, and Bayer outside the submitted work.