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Article History

Accepted: 14 January 2025

First Online: 12 March 2025

Declarations

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: Approval from the local Ethics Committee (EC) of the Medical University of Vienna (EK no.: 1918/2020) was obtained beforehand. Informed consent was waived by EC decision due to the retrospective design.

: L.B. received grants or contracts from Takeda, Roche, AstraZeneca, and BMS; received payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers’ bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events from Invitae, Eli-Lilly, AstraZeneca, Roche, MSD, Merck, BMS, Pfizer, Novartis, Takeda, Janssen, and Daiichi Sankyo; received support for attending meetings from Pfizer; participated in advisory boards of Invitae, Eli-Lilly, AstraZeneca, Roche, MSD, Merck, BMS, Pfizer, Novartis, Takeda, and Janssen; is currently Int. Secretary-Austrian Society of Pathology, member of PPS Membership and Awards Committee, Member of the Rare Cancers Committee of the IASLC. A.S.B. has research support from Daiichi Sankyo, Roche and honoraria for lectures, consultation or advisory board participation from Roche, Bristol-Meyers Squibb, Merck, Daiichi Sankyo, AstraZeneca, CeCaVa, Seagen, Alexion, Servier as well as travel support from Roche, Amgen and AbbVie. M.R. received honoraria for lectures or advisory board participation from the following for-profit companies (all outside of the submitted work): AbbVie, Gilead, Galapagos Pharma, Celgene, BMS, Ipsen, Novartis, Roche, Eisai, and Eli Lilly. M.P. has received honoraria for lectures, consultation or advisory board participation from the following for-profit companies: Bayer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Novartis, Gerson Lehrman Group (GLG), CMC Contrast, GlaxoSmithKline, Mundipharma, Roche, BMJ Journals, MedMedia, Astra Zeneca, AbbVie, Lilly, Medahead, Daiichi Sankyo, Sanofi, Merck Sharp & Dome, Tocagen, Adastra, Gan & Lee Pharmaceuticals, Janssen, Servier, Miltenyi, Böhringer-Ingelheim, Telix, Medscape, OncLive. B.K. received honoraria for lectures or advisory board participation from the following for-profit companies (all outside of the submitted work): from AAA, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, BMS, Beigene, Daiichi Sankyo, Eli Lilly, Ipsen, MSD, Novartis, Roche, and Janssen Cilag. All other authors reported no conflicts of interest.