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Authors
Purnaghshband, Helia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7731-1670
Tuzlali, Elif
Deka, Kamalika Bhandari
Bruce, Jeffrey P.
Farncombe, Kirsten M. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9413-201X
Gillies, Brittany https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1389-8027
Prokopec, Stephenie D.
Pugh, Trevor https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8073-5888
Redmond, Sarah
Redondo, Laura https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3528-6973
Wang, Hong
Ezzat, Shereen
Mete, Ozgur https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0469-2801
Kim, Raymond H. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2147-8674
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
University of Toronto Division of Medical Oncology Strategic Innovation Fund
Soper Kidney Cancer Foundation
Princess Margaret Cancer Foundation
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Article History
Received: 21 July 2026
Accepted: 12 August 2026
First Online: 24 August 2026
Declarations
Ethics Approval: This study was approved by the University Health Network Research Ethics Board (REB ID: 21-5031) and was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments.
Consent for Publication: All authors consent to publication.
Competing Interests: Dr. Ozgur Mete is the Editor-in-Chief of Endocrine Pathology. This article was handled by an independent senior Editor and peer reviewed as per the journal standards. The remaining authors declare no competing financial or non-financial interests relevant to this work.
Generative AI and AI-Assisted Technologies in the Writing Process: This entire manuscript was authored by humans. ChatGPT (OpenAI Ireland Ltd.) and Claude (Anthropic) were only used for AI assisted copy editing purposes to improve readability and style in selected sections. The authors reviewed and edited all output and take full responsibility for the content of the publication.
