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Article History

Received: 11 September 2025

Accepted: 1 February 2026

First Online: 7 March 2026

Declarations

:

: Our investigations were carried out following the rules of the Declaration of Helsinki of 1975, revised in 2013. According to Italian legislation, Ethical Approval for a single case is not required, as long as the data are kept anonymous and no identifying genetic results are involved.

: The current Italian legislation neither requires the family’s consent or ethical approval for a single case, as long as the data are kept strictly anonymous. Because summoning the parents was not possible as it would badly interfere with the grieving process, parents’ consent was completely waived, according to the Italian Authority of Privacy and Data Protection (“Garante della Privacy”: GDPR nr 679/2016; 9/2016 and recent law addition number 424/ 19th of July 2018; ).

: The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.