Forlivesi, Stefano
Cillotto, Tommaso
Bovara, Monica
Gentile, Mauro
Paolucci, Matteo
Brancaleoni, Laura
Sebastiani, Mario
Simonetti, Luigi
Mancini, Rita
Zini, Andrea https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1486-4507
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministero della Salute (Ricerca Corrente)
Article History
Received: 12 March 2026
Accepted: 19 May 2026
First Online: 16 June 2026
Conflict of interest
: Andrea Zini has received consulting and speaker fees from Angels Initiative, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Alexion, Daiichi Sankyo, Pfizer, Amgen, and fees for Advisory Board from Daiichi Sankyo, Bayer, Boehringer-Ingelheim, and AstraZeneca, not related to this study. The other authors declare they have no conflicts of interest.
: All study procedures were approved by the local authority (IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche, Bologna, Italy, DL 196/2003). The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Given the retrospective nature of the study, a waiver of consent was obtained by the local authority.
: The authors declare that they did not use artificial intelligence (AI) for the preparation of this manuscript.
: The data that support the results of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.