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Article History

Accepted: 19 March 2023

First Online: 29 April 2023

Declarations

:

: This study was conducted under the auspices of IRB protocol PA16-0738.

: D.S.H receives research support from Mirati Therapeutics, AbbVie, Adaptimmune, Adlai Nortye, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Daiichi Sankyo, Deciphera, Endeavor, Erasca, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Fate Therapeutics, Genentech, Genmab, Immunogenesis, Infinity, Merck, Mirati Therapeutics, Navier, NCT-CTEP, Novartis, Numab, Pfizer, Pyramid Bio, Revolution Medicine, SeaGen, STCube, Takeda, TCR2, Turning Point Therapeutics, and VM Oncology; consulting, speaker, and/or advisory role with Acuta, Adaptimmune, Alkermes, Alpha Insights, Amgen, Aumbiosciences, Axiom, Baxter, Bayer, Boxer, Capital, BridgeBio, COG, COR2ed, Cowen, Ecor1, Erasca, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Genentech, Gennao Bio, Gilead, GLG, Group H, Guidepoint, HCW Precision Oncology, Immunogenesis, Janssen, Liberium, MedaCorp, Medscape, Numab, Oncologia Brasil, ORI Capital, Pfizer, Pharma Intelligence, POET Congress, Prime Oncology, RAIN, SeaGen, STCube, Takeda, Tavistock, Trieza Therapeutics, Turning Point Therapeutics, WebMD, YingLing Pharma, Ziopharm; travel/accommodation support from AACR, ASCO, Bayer, Genmab, SITC, and Telperian; owns stock/shares in Molecular Match and OncoResponse; and serves on an advisory board for Telperian. T.A.Y serves as a consulting/advisory role for Aduro Biotech, Almac Group, AstraZeneca, Atrin Pharmaceuticals, Axiom Biotechnologies, Bayer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Calithera Biosciences, Clovis Oncology, Cybrexa Therapeutics, EMD Serono, F-Star, Guidepoint Global, I-Mab, Ignyta, Janssen, Merck, Pfizer, Repare Therapeutics, Roche, Rubius Therapeutics, Schrodinger, Seattle Genetics, Varian Medical Systems, and Zai Lab and receives research funding from Artios, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Clovis Oncology, Constellation Pharmaceuticals, Cyteir, EMD Serono, F-Star, Forbius, Genentech, GlaxoSmithKline, ImmuneSensor Therapeutics, Ipsen, Jounce Therapeutics, Karyopharm Therapeutics, Kyowa Hakko Kirin, Lilly, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, Repare Therapeutics, Ribon Therapeutics, Sanofi, Scholar Rock, Seattle Genetics, Tesaro, and Vertex. J.R. serves as a consulting/advisory role for Ellipses Pharma, Ionctura, Kelun, Lilly, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Molecular Partners, Novartis, NovellusDx, Orion, Peptomyc, Pfizer, Roche/Genentech, SERVIER, and Spectrum Pharmaceuticals; receives research funding from Bayer, BioAtla, Blueprint Medicines, CytomX Therapeutics, Genmab, GlaxoSmithKline, Ipsen, Kelun, Novartis, Pfizer, Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Symphogen, Takeda/Millennium, and Tocagen; travel/accommodations/expenses from Cancer Core Europe, Department of Defense, ESMO, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Karolinska Cancer Institute, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Louisiana State University, and Molecular Partners; and other relationships with Chinese University of Hong Kong, Elsevier, European Journal of Cancer, GlaxoSmithKline, SOLTI, and Vall d’Hebron University Hospital Institute of Oncology. A.N. serves as a consulting/advisory role for CSL Behring, CytomX Therapeutics, Genome & Company, Horizon Pharma, Kymab, Novartis, OncoSec, STCube Pharmaceuticals Inc., and Takeda; receives research funding from Amplimmune, Arcus Biosciences, ARMO BioSciences, Atterocor, Baxalta, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Calithera Biosciences, Chao Physician-Scientist Awards, CytomX Therapeutics, EMD Serono, Healios, Immune Deficiency Foundation, ImmuneOncia, Incyte, Jeffrey Modell Foundation, Karyopharm Therapeutics, Kymab, Lilly, MedImmune, Merck, NCI, NeoImmuneTech, Neon Therapeutics, Novartis, Pfizer, PsiOxus Therapeutics, Regeneron, Surface Oncology, and TopAlliance BioSciences Inc.; and travel/accommodations/expenses from ARMO BioSciences. R.A.W receives honoraria from Modern Medicine and royalties from McGraw-Hill: Editor: M.D. Anderson Manual of Medical Oncology, 3rd edition. B.G.S served on a speakers’ bureau for Sirtex Medical and Taiho Pharmaceutical, consultant for Syros, Inc., and received travel/accommodations/expenses from Marker Therapeutics. F.M.B serves as a consultant for AbbVie, Aduro BioTech Inc., Alkermes, AstraZeneca, Daiichi Sankyo Co. Ltd., DebioPharm, Ecor1 Capital, eFFECTOR Therapeutics, F. Hoffman-La Roche Ltd., GT Apeiron, Genentech Inc., Harbinger Health, IBM Watson, Infinity Pharmaceuticals, Jackson Laboratory, Kolon Life Science, Lengo Therapeutics, Menarini Group, OrigiMed, PACT Pharma, Parexel International, Pfizer Inc., Protai Bio Ltd, Samsung Bioepis, Seattle Genetics Inc., Tallac Therapeutics, Tyra Biosciences, Xencor, and Zymeworks; advisory committee for Black Diamond, Biovica, Eisai, FogPharma, Immunomedics, Inflection Biosciences, Karyopharm Therapeutics, Loxo Oncology, Mersana Therapeutics, OnCusp Therapeutics, Puma Biotechnology Inc., Seattle Genetics, Sanofi, Silverback Therapeutics, Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, and Zentalis; research support from Aileron Therapeutics, Inc. AstraZeneca, Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceutical, Calithera Biosciences Inc., Curis Inc., CytomX Therapeutics Inc., Daiichi Sankyo Co. Ltd., Debiopharm International, eFFECTOR Therapeutics, Genentech Inc., Guardant Health Inc., Klus Pharma, Takeda Pharmaceutical, Novartis, Puma Biotechnology Inc., and Taiho Pharmaceutical Co.; honoraria from Chugai Biopharmaceuticals; and travel expenses from European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC). V.S. declares a consulting/advisory role for Helsinn Therapeutics, Loxo, MedImmune, QED Therapeutics, and R-Pharm; research funding from Abbvie, Agensys, Alfasigma, Amgen, Amgen, Bayer, Berg Pharma, Blueprint Medicines, Boston Biomedical, D3 Oncology Solutions, Exelixis, Fujifilm, Genentech/Roche, GlaxoSmithKline, Idera, Incyte, Inhibrx, LOXO, Multivir, NanoCarrier, Northwest Biotherapeutics, Novartis, Pfizer, PharmaMar, Takeda, Turning Point Therapeutics, and Vegenics; travel/accommodations/expenses from Bayer, Helsinn Therapeutics, Novartis, and PharmaMar; and a relationship with Medscape. S.P. receives honoraria from 4D Pharma; research funding from 4D Pharma, Arcus Biosciences, ArQule, Astellas Pharma, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Elicio Therapeutics, Five Prime Therapeutics, GlaxoSmithKline, Ipsen, Janssen, Lilly, Mirati Therapeutics, NGM Biopharmaceuticals, Novartis, Onco Response, Purple Biotech, RedHill Biopharma, Rgenix, Sanofi/Aventis, and Xencor; and consulting/advisory role with Ipsen, Xencor, and Zymeworks. The rest of the authors have no conflicts to disclose.