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Article History

Received: 12 January 2026

Accepted: 30 May 2026

First Online: 5 June 2026

Declarations

:

: All procedures in this retrospective study were performed following the ethical standards of each institution’s committee on human experimentation and were in compliance with the Helsinki Declaration of 1964 and its later versions. Following personal information protection laws, patients were given an opportunity to opt- out of this study through public announcements published by each institution. This study was conducted with the approval of the ethics committees of Toho University (approval numbers T2024-1048). All institutions applied for and obtained study approval from their respective institutional review boards.

: The need for informed consent was waived since the data were anonymized. The participants were given the opportunity to decline to be enrolled in the study (opt-out).

: The authors declare no competing interests.