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Article History

Received: 24 November 2025

Accepted: 6 February 2026

First Online: 21 February 2026

Declarations

:

: Not applicable. This study utilizes anonymized and de-identified data from public databases. All identifying information was removed in the original studies prior to public release.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: The summary statistics for lipid traits were obtained from the Global Lipids Genetics Consortium (GLGC)and the UK Biobank. The ethical approval for each participating cohort within the GLGC was granted by their respective local Institutional Review Boards (IRBs). The meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Further details can be found in the primary publication(Consortium ). Ethical approval for the UK Biobank study was granted by the North West Multi-centre Research Ethics Committee (MREC) (Approval ID: 11/NW/0382). All participants provided written informed consent.The clinical and genetic data for Parkinson’s disease were sourced from the Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI)databasee ( ), RRID: SCR 006431.This secondary analysis of de-identified, publicly available data was exempt from additional ethical approval by the Institutional Review Board of The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University.