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Authors
Guo, Ling
Wang, Haibing
Li, Nana
Wang, Jing
Yu, Ming
Li, Yingxu
Yan, Peihua
Su, Yajuan
Teng, Lichen
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital Haiyan Research Foundation (JJZD2022-01, JJZD2022-01, JJZD2022-01, JJZD2022-01, JJZD2022-01, JJZD2022-01, JJZD2022-01, JJZD2022-01, JJZD2022-01)
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Article History
Received: 23 June 2025
Accepted: 22 October 2025
First Online: 8 November 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Not applicable.
: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
: This study involved the secondary use of clinically archived serum specimens; exemption from informed consent was approved by the Ethics Committee of Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital.
: Due to limited experimental resources, some assays could not be undertaken; we will complete the necessary in vivo studies once our research facilities are upgraded.
