Ali Ibrahim Mze, Asma https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1848-6160
Abdul Rahman, Amirah https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3566-1787
Ibahim, Mohammad Johari https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3826-7360
Wan Mohamad Zain, Wan Nor I’zzah https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4761-2472
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia
Article History
Received: 22 August 2025
Accepted: 5 December 2025
First Online: 12 January 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.