Article History
Received: 29 July 2024
Accepted: 8 September 2025
First Online: 28 November 2025
Declarations
:
: Prior to the field data collection, an ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) at The University of Jordan. This was signed by the Dean of the Scientific Research of the university, to undertake this research project. The approved consent letter number is ID: UJ/DSR/IRB/2024/4167. Evidence of the consent letter is available upon reasonable request.
: No personal identifiers were collected, and the study did not involve any intervention or experiment on human subjects. Ethical approval was not required under the regulations applicable to online, anonymous survey-based research.
: All authors have provided consent for publication.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.