Keene, Kevin
Mendon, Vrushali
Brambley, Michael
Rosenberg, Samuel
Rotondo, Julia
Funding for this research was provided by:
Building Technologies Office
Article History
Received: 21 April 2025
Accepted: 7 March 2026
First Online: 23 March 2026
Declarations
: This study was approved by the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Institutional Review Board (IRB) Federal-wide Assurance #00025932 (Approval ID: 2022–21) on August 12, 2022. This research complies with the United States Federal Policy for the Protection of Human Subjects (also known as the "Common Rule"). The research team obtained the appropriate human subjects training certification and followed the processes set forth by the IRB designed to protect the participants’ control over their environment and personal identifiable information (PII). All human subject participants in this study provided informed consent.
: The authors declare no competing interests.