Esteves, Sofia http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8877-8014
Sousa-Machado, André
Silva, Ana
Meireles, Luís
Almeida, Anabela
Article History
Received: 6 August 2023
Accepted: 1 March 2024
First Online: 11 May 2024
Declarations
:
: Ethical approval for the manuscript was appropriately waived by the relevant institutional review board or ethics committee. The decision to waive ethical approval is often based on the nature of the research and the absence of direct involvement with human subjects. In this particular case, as a systematic review, the study does not involve direct interactions or interventions with individuals. Consequently, the ethics committee deemed that formal ethical approval was not necessary due to the observational and analytical nature of the study. The manuscript diligently adheres to ethical standards as outlined in the Helsinki Declaration. The Helsinki Declaration provides a comprehensive framework to ensure the ethical treatment of human subjects in medical research. In this study, all aspects involving human subjects’ rights, safety, and well-being have been carefully considered and incorporated to maintain the highest level of ethical integrity.
: In the context of the manuscript, the requirement for informed consent has been deemed unnecessary due to the study’s methodology. As a systematic review, the research involves the synthesis and analysis of previously published data rather than direct interactions with participants. Given that this study does not involve any personal data collection or patient involvement, the concept of obtaining informed consent is not applicable.
: There is no conflict of interest.