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Authors
Zhu, Linkai
Hu, Shanwen
Zhang, Zeyu
Meng, Changpu
Liu, Lu
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Science Research Project of Hebei Education Department (BJK2024111)
Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (F2024207003)
Backbone Talent Program (Overseas Returnee Platform) of Hebei Province (C2025010)
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Article History
Received: 30 March 2025
Accepted: 28 December 2025
First Online: 18 February 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. This declaration includes, but is not limited to, financial interests, personal relationships, academic competition, and intellectual beliefs that may pose a conflict of interest in relation to this manuscript.
