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Article History
Received: 26 June 2025
Accepted: 6 October 2025
First Online: 17 November 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Zhejiang Cancer Hospital (approval number: IRB-2025–121) and the study adhered to the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable. Data use was approved by the Ethics Committee of Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, with patient consent waived due to retrospective nature and complete anonymization of the data.
