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Authors
Chu, Liang
Wang, Cenzhu
Wang, Han
Ding, Yucheng
Feng, Shuhan
Zhang, Yan
Zheng, Yanan
Li, Fuchao
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Major Project of the Hospital Management Institute of the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China (YM2024ZD026)
General Program of Wuxi Medical Center of Nanjing Medical University (WMCG202354)
Doctoral Talent Fund of the Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (BSRC202303)
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Article History
Received: 2 June 2025
Accepted: 23 October 2025
First Online: 13 November 2025
Declarations
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: The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (IRB Approval No. 2020–092), the Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University (IRB Approval No. 2022–158), Nanjing University School of Medicine Affiliated Gulou Hospital Medical Ethics Committee (IRB Approval No. 2022–469-02), and Xuzhou Central Hospital Biomedical Research Ethics Review Committee (IRB Approval No. XZXY-LK-20240116–007).
: Informed consent was waived by both committees due to the retrospective nature of the study.
: The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
