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Article History

Received: 23 June 2025

Accepted: 23 October 2025

First Online: 6 November 2025

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

: This study is based on publicly available datasets (e.g., TCGA, EMBL-EBL, TCIA). All data were obtained from open-access resources with pre-existing ethics approval and informed consent by the original investigators.

: Not applicable.