Document is current

Article History

Received: 28 October 2025

Accepted: 2 December 2025

First Online: 4 January 2026

Declarations

:

: Teresa Alonso-Gordoa reports writing assistance provided by Bayer Hispania, S.L.; a relationship with Eli Lilly and Company that includes board membership and speaking and lecture fees; a relationship with Ipsen SA that includes speaking and lecture fees; a relationship with Bayer Hispania, S.L that includes consulting or advisory and speaking and lecture fees; a relationship with Johnson & Johnson MedTech that includes consulting or advisory, funding grants, and speaking and lecture fees; a relationship with Astellas Pharma Inc that includes consulting or advisory; a relationship with Merck Serono SA that includes consulting or advisory and speaking and lecture fees; a relationship with Pfizer Inc that includes consulting or advisory and speaking and lecture fees; and a relationship with Novartis Pharma AG that includes consulting or advisory and speaking and lecture fees. Ovidio Fernández-Calvo reports writing assistance provided by Bayer Hispania, S.L.; a relationship with Bayer Hispania, S.L., Janssen Pharmaceuticals Inc, Astellas Pharma España, Merck Sharp y Dohme España, Pfizer, Astra-Zeneca, BMS, Recordati, and Ipsen that includes consulting or advisory, non-financial support, and travel reimbursement. Icíar García-Carbonero reports writing assistance provided by Bayer Hispania, S.L.; a relationship with Bayer Hispania, S.L that includes: travel reimbursement; and a relationship with Astellas Pharma España that includes: speaking and lecture fees. Sara Álvarez-Rodríguez reports writing assistance provided by Bayer Hispania, S.L.; a relationship with Astellas Pharma España that includes: speaking and lecture fees; a relationship with Janssen-Cilag SAS that includes speaking and lecture fees and travel reimbursement; and a relationship with Bayer Hispania, S.L that includes: consulting or advisory, speaking and lecture fees, and travel reimbursement. Ricardo Sánchez-Escribano reports writing assistance provided by Bayer Hispania, S.L. Georgia Anguera reports writing assistance provided by Bayer Hispania, S.L. Aránzazu González-del-Alba reports writing assistance, non-financial support, speaking and lecture fees, and travel reimbursement provided by Bayer Hispania, S.L. Enrique Gallardo reports writing assistance provided by Bayer Hispania, S.L.; a relationship with Bayer Hispania, S.L., Astellas Pharma España, Ipsen, Pfizer, Eisai Inc., Recordati Rare Diseases, Merck Sharp y Dohme España, Bristol-Myers Squibb, and Astra Zeneca that includes consulting or advisory, funding grants, speaking and lecture fees, and travel reimbursement; a relationship with GSK that includes consulting or advisory and speaking and lecture fees; a relationship with Advanced Accelerator Applications Ibérica SLU that includes consulting or advisory, funding grants, and speaking and lecture fees; a relationship with Laboratorios Farmacéuticos ROVI SA that includes: speaking and lecture fees; a relationship with LEO Pharma that includes: speaking and lecture fees and travel reimbursement; a relationship with Janssen Pharmaceuticals Inc and Merck KGaA that includes funding grants. Diego Cacho reports writing assistance provided by Bayer Hispania, S.L. Natalia Vidal reports writing assistance provided by Bayer Hispania, S.L.; a relationship with Astellas Pharma Inc, Ipsen Pharma SAS, Janssen Pharmaceuticals Inc that includes: consulting or advisory and speaking and lecture fees; and a relationship with MSD Merck Sharp & Dohme AG, Merck & Co Inc, Recordati Pharma GmbH, and Pfizer Inc that includes speaking and lecture fees and travel reimbursement. Álvaro Pinto reports writing assistance provided by Bayer Hispania, S.L.; and a relationship with Bayer Hispania, S.L., Janssen Pharmaceuticals Inc, Pfizer, and Astellas Pharma Europe Ltd that includes consulting or advisory. Carmen Perezagua reports writing assistance provided by Bayer Hispania, S.L.; and a relationship with Bayer Hispania, S.L that includes board membership. Marta Zafra reports writing assistance provided by Bayer Hispania, S.L. Javier Cassinello reports writing assistance provided by Bayer Hispania, S.L.; and a relationship with Bayer Hispania, S.L that includes non-financial support. Alejo Rodriguez-Vida reports writing assistance provided by Bayer Hispania, S.L.; and a relationship with Bayer Hispania, S.L that includes consulting or advisory. Fernando López-Campos reports writing assistance provided by Bayer Hispania, S.L.; a relationship with Bayer Hispania, S.L, Astellas Pharma US Inc, and Johnson & Johnson Services Inc that includes board membership, consulting or advisory, funding grants, speaking and lecture fees, and travel reimbursement. Sergio Vázquez-Estévez reports writing assistance provided by Bayer Hispania, S.L.; a relationship with Bayer Hispania, S.L that includes consulting or advisory, speaking and lecture fees, and travel reimbursement; a relationship with Astellas Pharma España, Novartis, and Pfizer that includes consulting or advisory and speaking and lecture fees.