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Article History

Received: 14 October 2025

Accepted: 26 January 2026

First Online: 12 March 2026

Declarations

:

: The study received ethical approval from the Hospital 12 de Octubre Ethics Committee on May 17 2022, and was registered following the Spanish regulation applicable to observational studies (GESTO-REEC 0080-2022-OBS, AEMPS num: 22-0087). Additionally, it received approval from the local review boards of the participating centers and complied with the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki.

: Dr. Blancas has received grants and research support to the Institution from Agendia, AstraZeneca, Lilly, Pfizer, and Roche; honoraria as medical monitor from Medical Scientia Innovation Research (MEDSIR); Honoraria/advisor colaboration/fees as a consultant from Adelphi Targis, AstraZeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Cinfa, Daiichi Sankyo, Eisai, Gilead, Grünenthal, GSK, Lilly, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Pierre-Fabre, Roche, Seagen, TACTICS, Transworld Editors and Veracyte; support for attending meetings and/or travel: AstraZeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Daiichi Sankyo, Gilead, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Pierre-Fabre and Roche. Dr. González de la Peña has received support for the present manuscript from Lilly. The institution of Dr. Fernández Abad has received support for the present manuscript from Lilly. She has received payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events from Lilly, Novartis, and Astra Zeneca; payment for expert testimony from Astra Zeneca, MSD, and Novartis; support for attending meetings and/or travel from Novartis and Gilead; and has participated in a Data Safety Monitoring Board or Advisory Board for Novartis and MSD. Dr. Antolín Novoa has received support for the present manuscript from Lilly. Dr. Adrover Cebrián has received support (provision of study materials) for the present manuscript from Lilly; and payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events from Lilly. Dr. Sánchez Bayona has received consulting fees from Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Gilead Oncology; payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events from Lilly, Pfizer, Novartis, AstraZeneca, Gilead, Roche, GSK; and support for attending meetings and/or travel from AstraZeneca, Pfizer, Novartis, Roche, Gilead. Dr. Zamora Adelantado has received support for attending meetings and/or travel from Lilly and Pfizer; and has participated on a Data Safety Monitoring Board or Advisory Board for MSD. Dr. Andrés Conejero declares no conflict of interest. Dr. del Barco Berrón declares no conflict of interest. Atienza is a Lilly employee and owner of Lilly shares. Molero is a Lilly employee and minor owner of Lilly shares. Díaz-Cerezo is a Lilly employee and minor owner of Lilly shares. The employer of Pérez-Rambla is an independent research entity that has received fees for their contribution to the development of the project and scientific writing. The employer of Pérez-Sádaba is an independent research entity that has received fees for their contribution to the development of the project and scientific writing. Dr. Manso declares no conflict of interest.