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Authors
Mahon, Jane https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8750-3171
Butler, Leah C. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0773-2074
Jackson, Gwen
Kulig, Teresa C. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2243-3248
Murnan, Aaron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4742-7592
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
University of Cincinnati’s Center for Criminal Justice Research (Doctoral Student Research Grant)
National Institute on Drug Abuse (K23DA058053)
National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program (DGE-2439025)
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Article History
Received: 18 February 2026
Accepted: 17 March 2026
First Online: 2 April 2026
Declarations
Ethics Approval and Consent: This study was approved by the University of Cincinnati’s Institutional Review Board for human subjects’ research.
Competing and supporting interests: The authors declare no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this manuscript.
