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Article History

Accepted: 3 February 2023

First Online: 8 March 2023

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests. None of the funding bodies were involved in the study design, collection, analysis, interpretation of data, writing of the report or the decision to submit this article for publication.

: For the first sample involving saliva samples, ethical approval was granted by the Ethics Committees of University College London Hospital, East London and the City Local Health Authority, Camden and Islington Local Health Authority, and Sylhet M.A.G Osmani Medical College (Núñez-de la Mora et al., CitationRef removed, CitationRef removed). For the second sample involving plasma E2, ethical approval was granted by the Institutional Review Board for the University of Massachusetts, Amherst, the Ethics Committees of University College London, the Department of Anthropology, Durham University, and Sylhet M.A.G. Osmani Medical College. For both sets of samples, all participants provided written informed consent prior to participation, and data storage complied with the Data Protection Act in effect at that time in the UK (Begum et al., CitationRef removed; Núñez-de la Mora et al., CitationRef removed, CitationRef removed).

: For both sets of samples, all participants provided written informed consent prior to participation, and data storage complied with the Data Protection Act in effect at that time in the UK.