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Authors
Hammerschmitt, Josephine C. H. https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5444-5261
Degen, Johanna L. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0530-1385
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Europa-Universität Flensburg
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Article History
Received: 30 April 2026
Accepted: 20 August 2026
First Online: 22 September 2026
Declarations
Conflict of interest: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Ethical Approval: All procedures were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee at Europa-University Flensburg and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments. The study analysed anonymously submitted written questions collected during routine sexuality education lessons and are of secondary use only. No data was produced for this study explicitly. No personal or identifying information was obtained, and all submitted questions were screened to remove any content that could identify individual pupils. As no participants were interviewed or surveyed and no personal data were collected, formal ethics committee approval was not required under applicable institutional guidelines. Informed consent for the use of the anonymously submitted questions for research purposes was obtained from the participating teachers and professionals who collected the questions in their educational settings.
