Syed Elias, Sharifah Munirah https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0391-7493
Mohamad Shariff, Nurasikin https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8412-2838
Wan Mamat, Wan Hasliza https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4145-1719
Mahat, Nur Ain https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2675-7431
Funding for this research was provided by:
International Islamic University Malaysia
Article History
Received: 4 October 2024
Accepted: 3 December 2025
First Online: 10 January 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.