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Article History

Accepted: 12 March 2023

First Online: 24 March 2023

Declarations

:

: The study was conducted after obtaining Institutional Review Board approval from the department of Psychology at Northwest Normal University. We received the written consent of all participants before testing began. All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

: The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.