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Authors
Tong, Yanli https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3687-7520
Hasim, Zuwati https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7840-5855
Dawoud, Laila https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5995-6280
Guo, Jing https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4841-0319
Zhao, Shiying https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4011-6609
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Fujian Provincial Federation of Social Sciences (FJ2023X021)
Ningde Normal University “English Language Skills Cognitive Diagnosis” Scientific Research Innovation Team, China (2024T05)
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Article History
Accepted: 5 January 2025
First Online: 14 January 2025
Declarations
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: This study has been ethically reviewed in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The Ethics Approval Committee of Ningde Normal University has approved the study.
: All participants were informed of the study’s purpose and followed the principle of voluntary participation. As the study was anonymous, written consent was not sought, and choosing to participate signified consent.
: The author has no conflicts of interest to declare.
