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Article History

Accepted: 12 February 2025

First Online: 19 February 2025

Change Date: 15 May 2025

Change Type: Update

Change Details: The original version of this article was updated to correct affiliation 6.

Declarations

: The authors report no conflicts of interest with respect to the content of this manuscript. MNP has consulted for Opiant Therapeutics, Game Day Data, the Addiction Policy Forum, Boehringer Ingelheim and Idorsia Pharmaceuticals; has been involved in a patent application with Yale University and Novartis; received research support from Mohegan Sun Casino, Children and Screens and the Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling; participated in surveys, mailings, or telephone consultations related to drug addiction, impulse-control disorders, or other health topics; consulted for legal and gambling entities on issues related to impulse control, internet use and addictive disorders; performed grant reviews for multiple funding agencies; edited journals and journal sections; given academic lectures in grand rounds, CME events, and other clinical/scientific venues; and generated books or chapters for publishers of mental health texts. The other authors report no disclosures. The views presented in this manuscript represent those of the authors and not necessarily those of the funding agencies.

: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were by the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Ethical approval was granted by the Gaziantep University Ethics Committee (Ethics Number: 429521).

: Not applicable.

: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

: The authors declare no conflicts of interest concerning the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.