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Article History

Accepted: 5 April 2025

First Online: 16 April 2025

Declarations

:

: This study was conducted in accordance with ethical principles and adhered strictly to the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki and other relevant ethical standards. As the research involved anonymous online surveys and collected only low-risk, non-sensitive data, formal ethical approval from an institutional review board was not required.

: All participants provided informed consent voluntarily, and their data were kept strictly confidential.

: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.