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Article History

Received: 27 September 2024

Accepted: 24 November 2025

First Online: 26 January 2026

Declarations

:

: All participants of the study give their consent to be part of this study. They were well informed about the purpose and objective of this study. The Research Ethics Committee, FAST School of Management, National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences, Lahore Campus, have reviewed and approved this study and data collection for the required research. The study was also conducted in accordance with the declaration of Helsinki guidelines.

: Written informed consent to participate in this study was obtained from all participants.

: Written informed consent for publication of this study and any accompanying data was obtained from all participants. All identifying information has been removed or anonymized to ensure participant confidentiality.

: The authors declare that the research is conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.