Gu, Yu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1942-8571
Zheng, Wen https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9318-5806
Thrul, Johannes https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8929-9579
Funding for this research was provided by:
Beijing Municipal Social Science Foundation (21JYC022)
Article History
Received: 23 July 2024
Accepted: 15 November 2025
First Online: 6 January 2026
Declarations
:
: We have no known conflict of interest to disclose. The procedures for human participants involved in this study were consistent with the ethical standards of Capital Medical University (2023SY097) and the 1975 Helsinki Declaration. Participant data are fully anonymized in the analysis and written informed consent was collected from every participant.
: All authors have read and approved the final version of the manuscript and consent to its publication. Written informed consent for publication of anonymized data and any potentially identifiable information was obtained from all participants.