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Authors
Chen, Shuqi
Luo, Tong
Li, Jirong
Gui, Tengwei
Liu, Yaping
Song, Xiaoxiao
Xiao, Xia
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Article History
Received: 8 March 2025
Accepted: 11 November 2025
First Online: 12 May 2026
<!--Emphasis Type='Bold' removed-->Ethics <!--Emphasis Type='Bold' removed-->a<!--Emphasis Type='Bold' removed-->pprov<!--Too long, content removed-->
: The National Center for Health Statistics Research Ethics Review Board examined and approved the NHANES-authorized studies involving human subjects (Protocol #2018-01; Protocol #2011-17). Each participant provided informed consent. .
: The National Center for Health Statistics Research Ethics Review Board examined and approved the NHANES-authorized studies involving human subjects (Protocol #2018-01; Protocol #2011-17). .
: The authors have nothing to disclose.
: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
