Zheng, Xi https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7411-9183
Fan, Xinyuan https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7877-0179
Liu, Donglin https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8966-6519
Wang, Lijuan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9702-4380
Article History
Received: 24 May 2025
Accepted: 5 November 2025
First Online: 17 February 2026
Declarations
: I hereby declare that all the information I have provided is true, accurate, and complete. I am willing to bear all the consequences of providing false information.
: All research procedures involving human participants were conducted in strict adherence to the Helsinki Declaration. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the School of Psychology, Northeast Normal University. Furthermore, prior to the commencement of the experiment, all participants provided written informed consent, which was reviewed and approved by the same Ethics Review Committee.
: The authors report no conflict of interest.