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Authors
Liu, Congying https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6767-4398
Luo, Xiaohang https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9872-7890
Cheng, Liao
Ren, Menghao https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5699-0635
Han, Xinyi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3045-3997
Xia, Yu
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Sichuan Office of Philosophy and Social Science (SCJJ24ND160)
A Subject Projected by Research Center for the Integration of Rural and Urban Education Development Name (TCCXJY-2023-B08)
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Article History
Received: 28 October 2024
Accepted: 23 September 2025
First Online: 20 December 2025
Declarations
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: All the contents of this study have been approved by the Ethics Committee of Hunan Normal University.
: Participants' parents consented to their children's involvement in this study. All participants signed an informed consent form before completing the surveys. All students participating receive gifts as compensation. All the contents of this study have been approved by the Ethics Committee of the author's institution.
: On behalf of all authors, there are no conflicts of interest to declare.
