Updates are available Correction dated 2026-02-09

Article History

Received: 6 June 2024

Accepted: 12 September 2025

First Online: 28 January 2026

Change Date: 3 February 2026

Change Type: Update

Change Details: The original version of this article has been corrected to update the 2nd author name.

Change Date: 9 February 2026

Change Type: Correction

Change Details: A Correction to this paper has been published:

Change Details: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-026-09144-z

Declarations

:

: Data collection was consistent with ethical standards for the treatment of human subjects and all research was approved by the Rutgers University Institutional Review Board. Data will be posted to Open Science Forum (OSF) https://osf.io under project name “Fear of Hope”. This research was not preregistered. This research was supported in part by U.S.– Israel Binational Science Foundation Grants (2018055 and 2022280) awarded to Rhode Island College (Thomas E. Malloy) and The Hebrew University of Jerusalem (Avraham N. Kluger). The contents do not represent the BSF or these universities. We thank Carla Herrera, Gina Malloy, and Deborah Russell for helpful comments and insights.

: We have no conflicts of interest to report. All data reported were gathered following APA ethical standards and the research was approved by the first author’s University Institutional Review Board. All data collected for this research will be available on Open Science Forum (OSF) under project name “Fear of Hope”. This research was not preregistered. We thank Carla Herrera and Gina Malloy for helpful comments and insights.