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Authors
Wang, Meiqi
Zhang, Jie https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6538-2770
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Article History
Received: 21 May 2025
Accepted: 7 December 2025
First Online: 20 January 2026
Declarations
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: All research protocols were approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Shandong University School of Public Health. All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant regulations and guidelines.
: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.
: The authors affirm that all participants provided informed consent for publication.
: The authors have no competing interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.
