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Article History

Received: 4 March 2025

Accepted: 18 January 2026

First Online: 17 February 2026

Declarations

:

: This study was performed in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and national research committee and with the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. The experiment was approved by the Internal Review Board of the Laboratory of Neuromanagement and Decision Neuroscience, Guangdong University of Technology (Ref. No. 2024-014, Date of approval: March 12, 2024).

: Informed consent was obtained from all participants included in the study.

: The authors affirm that all participants provided informed consent for publication.

: All authors disclose no actual or potential conflicts of interest including any financial, personal, or other relationships with other people or organizations that could inappropriately influence (bias) their work.