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Authors
Chun-Ling, Lin
Ting-Chien, Chuang
Chao-Shun, Yang
Tzyy-Ping, Jung
Yao-Tien, Chen
Usman, Muhammad
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Science and Technology Council (NSTC 114-2221-E-027-053 -)
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Article History
Received: 4 September 2025
Accepted: 25 January 2026
First Online: 2 March 2026
Declarations
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: All participants provided written consent permitting the use of their anonymized data and study-related information for scientific publication. Participants were informed that no identifiable personal information would be disclosed and that all results would be presented in aggregate form only.
: The research protocol (identifier: 202207EM003) was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Research Ethics Committee at National Taiwan University.
: The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.
