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Article History

Received: 7 July 2025

Accepted: 27 March 2026

First Online: 2 April 2026

Declarations

:

: Informed consent was obtained from all participants involved in the study. The research was approved by the senior management of the participating construction sites and adhered to ethical standards for human subjects research.

: All participants provided written informed consent for the publication of anonymized data collected in this study. No individual patient or participant data (including images or identifiable details) are presented in the manuscript; therefore, individual consent for publication of identifiable information is not applicable.

: The authors declare no conflicts of interest.